The basic set-up of a record player was featured just now on discogs.com and it suddenly vanished and was much harder to find…
Here it is: 
The Beginner’s Guide to a Basic Turntable Set-Up. I really like this “educational” approach (to be honest I haven’t read the whole thing yet…). But the basics are:
– Now, I got a record player! What do I do next?!!
My personal set-up looks like this and has for quite some years’ now.
I can state the exact details upon personal request at the contact address.